In his summary ruling on Blizzard's case against World of Warcraft cheat-maker Michael Donnelly (released yesterday), District Court Judge David Campbell has stated that the act of using a bot in violation of a game's license or terms of use qualifies as a copyright violation. Huh?
Just to get it out of the way, I'm as much against cheats as the next guy. As a WoW player in particular, I'm glad to see Blizzard shut down the cheaters and cheat-makers. But this ruling doesn't make much sense to me; it seems like a case of the judge just trying to find a way to cover something which doesn't really cross any real existing laws. Worse, it sets some (arguably) nasty precedent, effectively making EULAs law (any violation is a violation of copyright), rather than simple contracts where the most you can lose is your right to use the software.
Strangely, the judge actually dismissed Blizzard's claims that the cheats violated the DMCA. Given the amount of use the DMCA gets in such cases, you'd think that the ruling would have been the other way around, at least. In any case, it seems the case is now going to trial to decide the DMCA portion for certain.
What do you guys think? Should this ruling stand? Personally, I think that it shouldn't--stripping cheaters of their access to the game and perhaps making a civil claim against the cheat-makers for damaging the game for everyone else is justified, but making any EULA violations illegal, as Judge Campbell (inadvertently or otherwise) has done is going too far.
Not to bring this discussion back to the original case or anything, but has anyone besides me read the motion for injunction and MDY's response? Despite the ruling against MDY, they have continued supporting and selling Glider. Blizzard asked for a permanent injunction for MDY, donnelly himself, or anyone associated with the company to:
1 ) shut down the phone-home server than MDY uses for its DRM protection. Disabling the server would stop the secondary infringement nearly instantaneously, but MDY hasn't done it, and refuses to.
2 ) stop further development of Glider. Since the ruling, MDY has continued to update the program to match Blizzard's countermeasures.
3 ) prevent MDY from selling or transfering the source code to others so circumvent any court order to cease and desist.
4 ) assisting any third party from developing similar software.
MDY's response basically says:
A ) the ruling did not apply to anyone but the MDY corporation, not Donnelly personally.
B ) MDY's continued operation does not harm Blizzard enough to warrant an injunction before a final ruling.
C ) Blizzard delayed too long before asking for an injunction, so a few more months won't hurt them.
D ) WoW has clearly prospered in spite of Glider, so the effect of glider must be minimal.
E ) Glider may actually increase WoW revenues.
F ) Glider is not the only bot program available, but it is the only one being singled out for legal action.
G ) Blizzard knowingly allows people who have gotten accounts banned to start new ones.
H ) MDY has sufficient resources to cover any damages likely to be awarded if Blizzard wins.
I ) MDY needs the income from Glider to pursue this legal action, and any appeals which may result. Wait, what?
J ) MDY would be unlikely to recover its business, even if the injunction is lifted after a few months.
K ) MDY's employees would suffer hardships far more significant than Blizzard's losses by continued operation.
Even more, MDY asks the court to limit the scope of an injunction should one be issued to not include:
I ) further development of Glider, as further development doesn't infringe anything if they don't release it to their users.
II ) transfer of the source code to others, as doing so would not be in MDY's interest anyway.
III ) the sale of the underlying technology, as it could be used for other purposes.
IV ) assistance given to others to develop similar software.
Seeing as I've run out of numbering systems, I'm glad that summarizes the motion and response. Overall, I'd say MDY has the better case in terms of the injunction. Blizzard waited months to sue them, and nearly three years to ask for an injunction. That kinda shoots the immediate necessity of the injunction. That's what Blizzard gets for trying to handle the bots themselves, rather than suing the instant they found out. D'oh!
Anyone interested in reading the full text can find it here, as links #84 and #85.
http://news.justia.com/cases/featured/arizona/azdce/2:2006cv02555/322017/
So you ask the person at the store, call the company, or go to the company's website. What do you want, the entire box plastered with the EULA so you can't see the title of the game you're buying?
5% is quite a bit. Most people don't report problems.
. . . so complain about the drop rate, don't write or use a bot. In any case, WoW's drop rates aren't that bad.
Yeah, and they're spending loads of money too. You think their servers are cheap? You think Diablo III and Wrath of the Lich King were designed by volunteers? That money goes back into their products.
It's the basic principle of economics - money is exchanged for services and goods. It's also a basic principle in most religions - "thou shalt not steal."
Whining about how big/small the loss is doesn't change the basic principle. A thief is a thief, be it a candy bar or a luxury automobile.
Yeah, apparently they have no troubles buying new accounts and using the bots again.
Mutliply that by a few thousand and one "insubstantial and correctable annoyance" becomes a real problem.
I believe the point is to get people to play their game . . .
If you want a two day game, maybe you shouldn't be playing a MMORPG.
Yeah, the point is that you play it a long time.
If you don't like it, don't play it . . . sounds kinda simple to me.
If you want a MMORPG that's easy to get to max level, you can play Guild Wars. You don't need to play WoW. And it's not any more ethical or legal to use a bot because you hate the game.
I think all of this stupid talk about the government blah blah blah is really just because you hate the game, not because you have any sort of real legal or ethical point.
Heh, I think that's kinda the point here . . .
Asking for an order to prevent release of the source code seems to be something new. Blizzard really seems to be worried about this bot.
That's part of the point, but MDY is correct in arguing that a temporary injunction that destroys their buisiness is overkill, considering how long the current situation has lasted.
As for the sorce code, remember that Glider is so much more effective than other bots due to the fact that they stole the source code for the Warden program to make it. No one else has that, and Blizzard doesn't want it getting out.
So far, the judge seems to be more concerned about whether they're breaking the law than about their financial well being.
. . . which is, after all, his job. He's a judge, not a financial consultant.
. . . and it's been almost an entire month since that motion was filed, so it would appear the judge is simply ignoring it. I think the jude is simply going to follow the time schedule that he has proposed.
If I could find even a single major case where one party was a consumer (or that you would accept as as consumer), this might matter. The whole point is that the license contract itself contains the remedies available in the case that a consumer breaches the contract - and in the one major case (Zeitenberg) where the guy actually WAS a consumer at the time of purchase, you simply said he was a merchant, so none of my (or the court's) reasoning following it mattered. Zeitenberg is the closest I've found to an actual consumer case, and you ignored it out of hand.
You've also repeatedly cited that every other district except 7-9 have ruled EULAs uninforcable out of hand, but not produced caselaw to support this assertion. Please do so, to give me a chance to address them. I think I have found cases from the 3rd and 6th districts that you would use to support this, but both have absolutely NO application to merchant-consumer sales. Both involved a company trying to enforce an EULA over an actual negotiated contract with different terms, and yet they come up on database searches as "landmark" cases defeating EULAs. I fail to see how that type of precedent speaks to a consumer software product WITHOUT such a specifically-negotiated contract.
From Blizzard's statement of fact in the case:
"At one point, after Blizzard developed a new method of detecting Glider, Donnelly sought and received help from Joseph Thaler who sold information about Blizzard’s new detection measures to MDY for $18,000."
The actual details of what this "information" was is part of the sealed testamony. Whatever it was, I believe we can safely assume it was information not available to WoW users, and thus could not be legally used as part of any reverse engineering. This bit was left out of the ruling because it simply doesn't matter for the purposes of this case if Glider is an illegal derivative work or not.
If this ruling goes badly for Blizzard, I have no doubt you will soon have to sign at purchase, despite the negative effects this will have on both consumers and software makers. Worse, they might start selling boxes without CDs in them, just a serial number to download the game.
. . . and it's been almost an entire month since that motion was filed, so it would appear the judge is simply ignoring it. I think the jude is simply going to follow the time schedule that he has proposed
No, the financial impact on one or both parties is a necessary consideration in the injunction process. Under these circumstances, if the damage to MDY by the injunction is outrageously large compared to the corresponding damage to Blizzard caused by the lack of the injunction, he should be finding in MDY's favor. At least until the matter is finally decided at trial and probably through the appeal process, MDY will be likely not be subject to an injunction.
Bodyless - those same considerations came up in the Zeitenberg case in 1996. That was part of the justification for upholding EULAs.
I just realized I failed to include a link to Zeitenberg in my earlier response, so here it is:
http://www.law.emory.edu/7circuit/june96/96-1139.html
Or it could be that the license contracts themselves contain the common remedies for consumers breaking the license in consumer-level ways (e.g., the tens of thousands of accounts/game licenses Blizzard has terminated due to Glider). Nah, couldn't be that. That would just be silly.
In reality, consumers don't usually sue for a $50 game. Of course, companies don't generally sue someone over a $50 game, either. The only cases that go to court are the ones the standard remedies are insufficient to cover, and guess what? Those all involve someone trying to make money off of someone else's property.
This is entirely possible, but this would also mark the end of being able to walk into any Wal~Mart and buy a game. Needing to keep an certified expert on hand at all times (much like a pharmacy) would make selling games cost-prohibitive for most outlets. There's an inherent anti-competitive argument here. This would be a possibility, but I don't think it likely.
That type of thing I actually HAVE seen court decisions on, and you are correct. Simply having a link to an EULA or disclaimer is insufficient (in one case, it was hidden in gray text in a gray field, literally hidden from view). The consumer must be forced to click an "I Agree" button to get past a license or disclaimer for it to be enforcable. Note the cases I read were web-based, but the same principle should apply. I'm not sure which would be more likely to be read, paragraph by paragraph or a single document, but I suspect the percentage of people who would read either is appallingly low.
The whole system is gramatically sloppy. Technically, there is nothing "sold" at all - no Good ever changes ownership. Technically, what you are paying for is the up-front fee they charge you for making the license agreement, and the whole affair is further complicated by one or more middlemen. "Selling" the license makes for faster typing, that's all.
I won't address your discussion of Zeitenberg in it's entirety, but will hit the funny points. Zeitenberg obviously considered himself a "consumer" when he purchased the consumer version of the software, rather than the full commercial version. At the time, his computer skills might have been higher than the general public, but he was by no means an expert the way I read the definition of merchant to mean. He was a college student majoring in computer science.
While *I* would probably not be able to repeat his incredible feat of programming (LOL), my little brother certainly could, as could my father (although to be fair, he IS an IT guy). The skills necessary are certainly not rare today, and weren't all that rare in 1996. Probably half the users of this site would qualify as "merchants" if we were to use this level of skill as the determining factor.
I think you are deliberately misreading this. The ruling says a (sales) contract can be formed in a way different from the most elementary form of cash for a box. This simply says a contract does not necessarily require the two sides' considerations be exchanged at the same time.
And to add fuel to this fire, I submit this:
http://www.engadget.com/2008/07/16/apples-lawsuit-against-psystar-examined/
Perhaps you DO have to worry about the EULA on the operating system. Personally I think this opens Apple up to anti-trust action, but for sure Psystar's going to get taken to the cleaners for copyright infringement.
§ 2-103. Definitions and Index of Definitions (1) (c) "Consumer" means an individual who buys or contracts to buy goods that, at the time of contracting, are intended by the individual to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes.
1 ) No, but we have no conclusive proof that his intent was to sell it when he acquired it. The consumer ruling depends on his intent when he bought it, not on his final actions. Depending who you place the burden of proof on, either Zeitenberg had to "prove" he intended the database for personal use to claim consumer status, or ProCD had to "prove" he intended it for commercial use to claim he was a merchant. Any time someone is required to prove intent of anything, simple definitions fly out the window.
2 ) This can easily be answered both ways, but I believe no, this does not make him a merchant. How does one define exactly what knowledge is required to be a merchant? If simply knowing how to do something doesn't make one a merchant, what does? Is there some degree of knowledge of the actual buisiness practices required?
If one answers yes (as you clearly do), this sets the bar for being a merchant so absurdly low that consumers are forced to limbo under it to remain consumers. Oh no, I can change the alternator on my car, I'm officially a "merchant" mechanic! I might further qualify as a "merchant" in the following fields: carpentry, plumbing, drywall, small appliance repair, lawn care, hotel operation, agriculture research, medival armor, etc, etc, etc. Needless to say, both of us would have demonstrated enough knowledge (even if our opinions are contradictory) to qualify as merchants in terms of software licensing.
Clearly the yes option would lead to most adults (hell, even children) being considered merchants in a multitude of fields, so I have to say no, this degree of knowledge did not make Zeitenberg a "merchant", at least not for the first purchase. He certainly WAS a merchant for the second and third, but he did not qualify as one for the first.
And yes, Jonnan, the Apple complaint accuses Psystar of having "induced, caused or materially contributed to the infinging conduct of purchasers." In part, they are being sued for profitting from others infringing the copyright by operating outside the license agreement.
http://stadium.weblogsinc.com/engadget/videos/Apple-Psystar-complaint.pdf
And that is entirely irrelevant. Whatever he may have done after getting the database, at the time he got it he was a consumer - unless you think a person's actions can retroactively strip them of consumer rights? That's a stance even *I* have issues with. Using a copy of Quicken doesn't make you an accountant. Neither does charging $10 to put someone else's numbers in your copy to save them the cost of getting their own. Even if it's hundreds of other people, you're still not an accountant.
And for your plumbing, good for you. I've never tackled anything that big. Your description comes awfully close to my experience with some contractors, though. Being a merchant implies competence, it doesn't guarrantee it.
Of course Psystar broke the law, but point is that Apple is trying to hold them accountable for consumers using OS X on their computers in violation of the EULA. Not just for Psystar making and selling illegal copies, but consumers *using* the copies. Contributary copyright violations can only occur when someone is allowing *others* to infringe, thus this can only stick if the jury decides consumers are violating copyright by simply *using* these unauthorized copies. I would think that to be highly relevant to this discussion.
On a side note, how frightening is that? The outcome of a case like this can depend on 12 people who haven't the slightest clue what the law actually is, and how well the two sides can confuse them as to what is actually relevant. Having sat on a couple juries, I highly advise anyone who KNOWS they are in the right to opt out of a jury trial if at all possible. Even judges will tell you there is no predicting what a jury will come up with. There is good reason District-level decisions are not allowed to make precidents. Any written decision that can be cited as precident is at the Circuit level at least.
Well, if you think Blizzard is acting illegally, you have every right to haul them off to court.
Which makes sense - get rid of the cause, and you don't have to worry about the effect.
We do what we can to give our immune system the best chance of fighting the disease. We get plenty of rest, drink plenty of fluids, etc. We avoid things like stress that could hurt our immune system's effectivenes. Oh, I'm sorry, did you want me to say take that stuff that makes you feel better? Well, that would treat the symptoms, not the cold . . .
You're trying to make the argument that they shouldn't be trying to stop the bots. Problem is, you're not doing a very good job at it.
Perhaps, but it doesn't make it more fair to the humans who can't compete with bots, and it only fixes one small problem. It doesn't address the core issue.
Cancer is generally an incurable disease, but if you only treat the symptoms and don't attempt remove or destroy the cancerous cells on a regular basis, your patient is going to die quickly. Cancer patients have a much higher survival rate today because we do in fact try to remove and destroy the cancer cells. We know we can't ultimately win the war, but we can win battles and make life much easier for the patient.
Perhaps not. There are now vaccines available for some common strains, and having a vaccine would prevent that strain from affecting you. You wouldn't need to mess with the symptoms at all for that strain, because you simply wouldn't get sick in the first place.
In any case, the only reason why we can get away with only treating the symptoms is because we already have a deadly and devastating weapon against the common cold: The body's immune system. If our body wasn't so good at killing the common cold, it would be as bad as the bubonic plague was in Europe.
Yeah, "for all we know." That's not a very convincing statement. If you aren't even confident in your own hypothesis, why should I believe you?
I really do not care where you claim to be stealing it from, and do not expect me to give you any sympathy. After all, if you do not give any sympathy, why should you receive it?
If you believe they are stealing from you, go ahead and press charges.
Really? Did the cops come into your house and take your game away from you?
Nope. I read just fine. You just failed to address my own point, which is that it's not one person - it's thousands. That's a lot of lawsuits, a lot of money, a lot of lawyers, and a lot of time. Why spend so many resources fighting lots of people when you can fight one person?
You keep repeating that, as if repeating it will somehow make it true or make me believe it.
I don't think WoW is being unfair at all with their current levelling. In fact, it's far better than many other games I've played like Silkroad and Runescape. As far as I can tell, it took no longer to get to 55 than to get to 20. No, it's not Guild Wars, but it's not Silkroad either. It's very balanced. I do not think the grind is as horrible as you claim it is, and I think it appeals to a lot of people.
. . . and just because you don't like the product does not mean you have justification for violating the EULA. As I have said before, you can always buy a competitive product like Guild Wars or simply stop playing altogether.
If you think EULAs in general are illegal, go fight it in court. If you think DRM is unethical, write a letter to your congressman. Go talk to the Electronic Frontier Foundation, they help people all the time with this kind of stuff. Whining to me certainly won't fix what you think is wrong with this court case.
That's not very likely to happen. Jonnan almost certainly won't change his position, even if the court rules EULAs enforcable for consumers. I probably won't change my opinion unless they strike down the entire concept, and I don't see that as very likely. Either way, it will be years before we get Circuit-level decisions to debate.
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